R If Elseif Tutorial With Examples

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r if elseif tutorial

This post was last Updated on by Himanshu Tyagi to reflect the accuracy and up-to-date information on the page.

In this tutorial, we will discuss R if elseif or conditional statements. Conditional statements are used to check the conditions in programming. R language supports the following conditional statements.

  1. if
  2. if-else
  3. nested if

Let’s see them one by one with examples.

Before going to this, we have to understand what operators are.

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R Conditional Operators

Operators are used to performing logical conditions used inside conditional statements.

They are:

  • == Equal operator (Compare two variables equal or not)
  • >  Greater than operator (Compare the first variable is greater than the second variable)
  • <  Less than operator (Compare the first variable is less than the second variable)
  • >= Greater than or equal to an operator (Compare the first variable is greater than or equal to the second variable)
  • <= Less than or equal to an operator (Compare the first variable is less than or equal to the  second variable)
  • != Not Equal operator (Compare two variables not equal)

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R If Statement

If statement is used to execute a block if the condition specified in it returns TRUE. We can check the conditions inside the if statement using the conditional operators mentioned above.

Syntax:

if(condition)
{
statements
----------
}

If the condition satisfies, it will go inside the if block and executes the statements; otherwise, it will not execute the if block.

Example 1:

In this example, we will create two variables and check whether the conditions satisfy or not.

#create variables
my_var1=45
my_var2=41


#check first variable is equal to second variable
if(my_var1==my_var2)
{
print("Both are equal")
}

#check first variable is not equal to second variable
if(my_var1!=my_var2)
{
print("Both are not equal")
}



#check first variable is greater than  second variable
if(my_var1>my_var2)
{
print("First variable is greater than second variable")
}


#check first variable is less than  second variable
if(my_var1<my_var2)
{
print("First variable is less than second variable")
}


#check first variable is greater than or equal to the  second variable
if(my_var1>=my_var2)
{
print("First variable is greater than or equal to the  second variable")
}

#check first variable is less than or equal to the  second variable
if(my_var1<=my_var2)
{
print("First variable is less than or equal to the  second variable")
}

Output:

[1] "Both are not equal"
[1] "First variable is greater than second variable"
[1] "First variable is greater than or equal to the  second variable"

We can see from the above output that only three conditions are executed out of six conditions.

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Example 2:

In this example, we will create two variables and check whether the multiple conditions satisfy or not.

Here, we check multiple conditions using or (||), and (&&) operators.

Or operator returns TRUE when any of the conditions return TRUE.

And operator returns TRUE when both the conditions return TRUE.

#create variables
my_var1=45
my_var2=41


#check the first variable is greater than  second variable or second variable is greater than first variable
if(my_var1>my_var2 || my_var1<my_var2)
{
print("first variable is greater than  second variable or second variable is greater than first variable")
}

#check the first variable is greater than  second variable and  second variable is greater than first variable
if(my_var1>my_var2 &&  my_var1<my_var2)
{
print("first variable is greater than  second variable or second variable is greater than first variable")
}

Output:

[1] "first variable is greater than  second variable or second variable is greater than first variable"

From the output, we have seen that the first statement is executed.

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R If Elseif Conditional Statement

if-else statement is used to execute a block of codes if the condition specified in it returns TRUE. We can check the conditions inside the if statement and else use the above conditional operators.

If the condition in the block fails, it will execute the other block.

Syntax:

if(condition)
{
statements
----------
}else{
statements
----------
}

If the condition satisfies inside if, it executes the statements; otherwise, it will go inside the else block.

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Example :

In this example, we will create two variables and check whether the conditions satisfy or not.

#create variables
my_var1=45
my_var2=41


#check first variable is equal to second variable or not
if(my_var1==my_var2)
{
print("Both are equal")
}else{
print("Both are not equal")
}

#check first variable is not equal to second variable
if(my_var1!=my_var2)
{
print("Both are not equal")
}else
{
print("Both are equal")
}



#check first variable is greater than  second variable or not
if(my_var1>my_var2)
{
print("First variable is greater than second variable")
}else
{
print("First variable is not greater than second variable")
}


#check first variable is less than  second variable or not
if(my_var1<my_var2)
{
print("First variable is less than second variable")
}else
{
print("First variable is not less than second variable")
}


#check first variable is greater than or equal to the  second variable or not.
if(my_var1>=my_var2)
{
print("First variable is greater than or equal to the  second variable")
}else
{
print("First variable is neither greater than nor equal to the  second variable")
}

#check first variable is less than or equal to the  second variable or not
if(my_var1<=my_var2)
{
print("First variable is less than or equal to the  second variable")
}else
{
print("First variable is neither less than nor equal to the  second variable")
}

Output:

[1] "Both are not equal"
[1] "Both are not equal"
[1] "First variable is greater than second variable"
[1] "First variable is not less than second variable"
[1] "First variable is greater than or equal to the  second variable"
[1] "First variable is neither less than nor equal to the  second variable"

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R Nested If Statements

Nested if statements are used to execute a block of codes if the condition specified in it returns TRUE. If the condition returns TRUE, it will check again inside in an If-else condition.

We can check the conditions inside the if statement and else use the above conditional operators.

If the condition in the block fails, it will execute the other block.

Syntax:

if(condition)
{
     if(condition) {
       statements ---------- 
     }else{ 
       statements ---------- } 
}else{
statements
----------
}

If the condition satisfies inside if, then it executes the statements. Otherwise, it will go inside the else block.

Example:

In this example, we will create two variables and check whether the first variable is equal to the second variable. If equal, check first is greater than or equal to the second.

#create variables
my_var1=45
my_var2=45


#check first variable is equal to second variable or not. if equal check first is greater than or equal to  second
if(my_var1==my_var2)
{
      if(my_var1>=my_var2)
           {
          print("first variable is greater than or equal to  second variable")
           }else{
          print("first variable is neither greater nor equal to the second variable")

           }
}else{
print("Both are not equal")
  
}

Output:

[1] "first variable is greater than or equal to  second variable"

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Summary

From this tutorial, we saw how to use if conditional operators with if and else statements, and we have seen how to execute multiple conditions within a single conditional statement.